news&views Winter 2019 | Page 31

for the small additional cost. LED lights can also be placed closer to the plants because of their lower heat signature. Just remember that diff erent plants will require diff erent lights and placement of the lights. Without getting into a whole lot of technicalities about wattage, distance from plants, and so on, the best bet for the indoor gardener is to pay a visit to your local garden centre and look through the options. Garden centre staff will be able to direct you to the right light for various types of plants. Plants are aff ected by day length. This is called photoperiodism. Long day plants such as many garden annuals and begonias will not fl ower unless exposed to twelve to fourteen hours of daylight each day for a certain number of days. Short day plants such as kalanchoe, poinsettia, and chrysanthemums must have twelve hours of darkness to allow buds to form. Others are called indeterminate because they will fl ower if they simply receive suffi cient light. Examples of these include tomatoes, impatiens, and African violets. As a general rule of thumb, most vegetables and fl owering plants need twelve to sixteen hours of light per day, with fl owering plants at the top end of that range. Plan on giving most plants at least eight hours of darkness per day. The bottom line here is that you will need to research the plants that you are endeavouring to grow under artifi cial light in order to provide optimum conditions. Remember that your plants will be growing more rapidly under artifi cial light and may require altering their watering and fertilizing schedules. Because plants don’t receive rest when growing under intense lighting, it may be necessary to remove them from the artifi cial light for a time once they have fi nished blooming. They may need to be watered and fertilized less frequently to encourage their normal dormancy. This may diff er for each plant, so do your homework. Flowering plants in the darkest of winter is not a problem. Imagine the warmth and cheeriness provided by these blooms or picking your own cherry tomatoes in January. The bonus is that you can even start your own seeds for the outdoor garden under these lights. Turn the spotlight on your plants and make them into the stars they really are. ● Gerald has been the gardening columnist for the Edmonton Journal for over 30 years and is the author of Just Ask Jerry. In the past he co-owned a landscaping fi rm and has a certifi cate in landscape design. news&views WINTER 2019 | 31